Expertise in Context: Human and Machine
Edited by Paul J. Feltovich, Kenneth M. Ford, and Robert R. Hoffman
590 pp., references, index, illus., $60.00 softcover, ISBN 978-0-262-56110-5
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Computerized "expert systems" are among the best known applications of artificial intelligence. But what is expertise? The nature of knowledge and expertise, and their relation to context, is the focus of active discussion — even controversy — among psychologists, philosophers, computer scientists, and other cognitive scientists. The questions reach to the very foundations of cognitive theory — with new perspectives contributed by the social sciences. These debates about the status and nature of expert knowledge are of interest to and informed by the artificial intelligence community — with new perspectives contributed by "constructivists" and "situationalists."
The twenty-three essays in this volume discuss the essential nature of expert knowledge, as well as such questions such as how "expertise" differs from mere "knowledge," the relation between the individual and group processes involved in knowledge in general and expertise in particular, the social and other contexts of expertise, how expertise can be assessed, and the relation between human and computer expertise.
The cover is a reproduction of "Clown Three" by Max Papart. It is reproduced with permission, courtesy of Nahan Galleries, New York, New York.